Common patterns of Secondary Dyslipidemias

| Disease Factor | TG | HDL-C | LDL-C | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acromegaly | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Alcoholism | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| Anorexia nervosa | ↑ | ↔/↑ | ↑ | |
| Chronic renal failure | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Cigarette smoking | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Diabetes mellitus | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Drugs | Antiviral medications (HIV protease inhibitors) | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ |
| Beta blockers | ↑ | ↓ | ↔/↑ | |
| Cyclosporine | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Exogenous estrogens | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | |
| Glucocorticoids | ↑/↔ | ↑ | ↑/↔ | |
| Retinoic acid derivatives | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Thiazide diuretics | ↔/↑ | ↔ | ↑ | |
| Hypothyroidism | ↔/↑ | ↓/↔/↑* | ↑ | |
| Lipodystrophy | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | |
| Nephrotic syndrome | ↑ | ↔/↑ | ↑ | |
| Obstructive liver disease** | ↑ | ↑↑** | ↑ | |
TG- Triglycerides; HDL-C-High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; LDL-C – Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
*High, normal, or low values have been reported in different series
**Unusual lipoprotein particles, such as lipoprotein-X, may accumulate and levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are typically elevated.
***HDL levels tend to decrease in the later stages of the disease
References:
- Williamson MA, Snyder LM, editors. Wallach’s Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis. 10th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. 1390 p.
- Keskin H, Cadirci K, Kaye Y, Durmaz S, Arslan A, Yildiz F, et al. Acromegaly and Dyslipidemia. Endocr Abstr [Internet]. 2016 May 13 [cited 2020 Aug 3]; Available from: http://www.endocrine- abstracts.org/ea/0041/ea0041EP708.htm
- Chowdhury I. Alcohol and Dyslipidemia. In: Watson RR, Preedy VR, Zibadi S, editors. Alcohol, Nutrition, and Health Consequences [Internet]. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2013 [cited 2020 Aug 4]. p. 329-39. Available from: http:filink.springe.com/10.1007/978-1-62703-047-2_26
- Kockx M, Kritharides L. Cyclosporin A-Induced Hyperlipidemia. In: Kostner G, editor. Lipoproteins – Role in Health and Diseases [Internet]. InTech; 2012 [cited 2020 Aug 4]. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/lipoproteins-role-in-health-and-diseases/cyclosporin-a-induced-hyperlipidemia
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- Agdeppa D, Macaron C, Mallik T, Schnuda ND. Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol in thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979 Nov;49(5):726-9.
- Muls E, Rosseneu M, Blaton V, Lesaffre E, Lamberigts G, de Moor P Serum lipids and apolipoproteins A-I, A-II and B in primary hypothyroidism before and during treatment. EurJ Clin Invest. 1984 Feb;14(1):12-5.
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