Biofire FilmArray Panel Test to detect pathogens

March 15,2022
1 Min Read

The Biofire FilmArray Panels perform multiplex testing to detect pathogens on specifically mentioned samples:

Panel	Sample Type	Container	Transportation Temperature	Turnaround Time
BioFire Blood Culture Identification 2 (BCID2) FilmArray Panel	Blood, pus or body fluid	Blood culture bottle (paired)	Room temperature	4 hours (post blood culture flagging positive)
Gastrointestinal FilmArray Panel	Stool	Cary Blair transport medium/ sterile container	2°C - 8 °C (if transported in Cary Blair medium) Frozen (if Cary Blair medium is not available)	4 hours
Respiratory 2.1 FilmArray Panel	Nasopharyngeal swab	3ml of viral transport media (VTM) / saline	At room temperature for up to 4 hours (15°C - 25 °C) Refrigerated for up to 3 days (2°C - 8 °C)	4 hours
Pneumonia Plus FilmArray Panel	Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sputum (induced and expectorated) endotracheal aspirate (ETA)	Sterile container	Refrigerated for up to 1 day (2°C - 8°C)	4 hours
Meningitis/Encephalitis (ME) FilmArray Panel	CSF	Sterile container	CSF in frozen condition or transported on ice within 24-30 hrs	4 hours

Quality Control: In built extraction & PCR control in the lyophilized form in the pouches ensures the quality check at critical steps of extraction & PCR for sample inhibitory effect.

Result terminology:

Detected:
When the result is shown as detected for a specific pathogen/ resistance gene, it means:
- Controls were successfully passed, AND
- The specific genetic material for the pathogen/ resistance gene was detected.
Not Detected:
When the result is shown as not detected for a specific pathogen/ resistance gene, it means:
- Controls were successfully passed, AND
- The specific genetic material for the pathogen/ resistance gene was not detected.

Interpretation of antimicrobial resistance genes in the pneumonia and BCID2 Biofire panels:

Antimicrobial resistance gene	Interpretation
CTX-M	Production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)(1) Resistance to a wide range of commonly used β-lactam antibiotics including third generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but not generally against ceftazidime)
IMP	Carbapenemase production(2) Resistance to carbapenems
KPC	Carbapenemase production(3) Resistance to carbapenems
MCR-1	Colistin resistance(4)
MecA / MecC, MREJ	Presence of MRSA(5)
NDM	Carbapenemase production(3) Resistance to carbapenems
OXA-48	Carbapenemase production(3) Resistance to carbapenems
VanA/B	Vancomycin resistance(6)
VIM	Carbapenemase production(3) Resistance to carbapenems

References:

1. Rossolini GM, D’Andrea MM, Mugnaioli C. The spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Jan;14:33–41.

2. Lowe CF, Matic N, Champagne S, Romney MG, Leung V, Ritchie G. The Brief Case: IMP, the Uncommonly Common Carbapenemase. Burnham C-AD, editor. J Clin Microbiol [Internet]. 2020 Mar 25 [cited 2021 Dec 21];58(4). Available from: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JCM.01094-19

3. Han R, Shi Q, Wu S, Yin D, Peng M, Dong D, et al. Dissemination of Carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, OXA-48, IMP, and VIM) Among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated From Adult and Children Patients in China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020 Jul 3;10:314.

4. Li B, Yin F, Zhao X, Guo Y, Wang W, Wang P, et al. Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 Mediates Cell Permeability and Resistance to Hydrophobic Antibiotics. Front Microbiol. 2020 Jan 10;10:3015.

5. Becker K, Denis O, Roisin S, Mellmann A, Idelevich EA, Knaack D, et al. Detection of mecA and mecC Positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates by the New Xpert MRSA Gen 3 PCR Assay. Burnham C-AD, editor. J Clin Microbiol. 2016 Jan;54(1):180–4.

6. Phukan C, Lahkar M, Ranotkar S, Saikia K. Emergence of vanA gene among vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a tertiary care hospital of North - East India. Indian J Med Res. 2016;143(3):357.